AMISTAD

Advanced Museomics Integrating Systematics and Taxonomy to Accelerate Discovery in Neotropical Butterflies

The AMISTAD project focuses on the rapid description of species using integrative taxonomy. We combine traditional morphology with molecular techniques to make research more efficient.

This project will benefit various stakeholders by producing new information to speed species descriptions in some of the most poorly resolved butterfly groups and hyper-diverse areas of the planet.

Describing new species from specimens collected hundreds of years ago is an urgent task, as many populations already face threats from land-use changes and climate change. Some of these species might already be extinct, especially if their habitats no longer exist.

Naming new species will also help fill gaps in the tree of life, understand species relationships, expand biodiversity inventories and draw conservation attention to potentially threatened species.

Information gathered will be available to the wider global research community through publications and the Museum’s Data Portal, as well as to the public through outreach.

Aims

The main objective of the project is to collaboratively describe new butterfly species using specimens from the collections. This will help fill information gaps in the Neotropical region, assist in the conservation of habitats where these species still exist, and increase national and regional inventories.

Over the course of this project, we want to:

  • Unlock critical data from historically important types and unnamed specimens in the collections, which are essential for describing new species and initiating conservation actions.
  • Exponentially grow the impact of the collections and collaborate with a global network of experts to accelerate species discovery.

Who is involved?

We actively partner with other butterfly experts and well-recognised institutions from some of the plant’s most biodiverse tropical regions. These collaborations not only strengthen scientific exchange but also support data sharing, aligning with the Museum’s principles.

What is the Museum’s role in the project?

We have built a multidisciplinary team who have developed and tested a pipeline to database and sequence historically valuable specimens from the scientific collections. The project is led by two of the Museum’s Principal Curators: Dr Blanca Huertas, an expert in butterflies, and Dr Ben Price, an expert in museomics. The Bioinformatics component is led by expert Dr Christer Fåhraeus and postdoctoral researcher Dr Jordan Beasley.

The scientific collections of the Natural History Museum are among the largest in the world, with more than 5.2 million butterfly specimens. The collections offer worldwide coverage with some dating back more than 400 years.

As specimens and DNA deteriorate over time, dedicated techniques for studying and preserving genetic material in our historical collections are urgently needed. The collections will benefit from an unprecedented investment opportunity. Primary type specimens and unnamed specimens likely to become type specimens will be studied, re-housed for preservation, individually catalogued, sequenced and photographed to maximise physical and digital preservation.

Methods

We have tested a workflow pipeline working with historically valuable specimens from the butterfly collections, training and consolidating an interdisciplinary team.

Using integrative taxonomy, such as combining detailed morphological and molecular analysis, will allow us to resolve the relations among the butterfly groups studied. This will produce detailed descriptions of new taxa. We are teaming up with partners from the tropical countries where the specimens originated. This will increase the impact of our research and the value of the scientific collections in global research and conservation.

Focus: Collections-based research that accelerates species discovery and unlocks data from specimens stored at the Museum from the world’s most biodiverse areas.

Dates: July 2024 to the end of 2025

Funding: Fully funded by a generous donation from the Fåhraeus Biodiversity Institute in Sweden and its Director, Dr Christer Fåhraeus.

Dr Blanca Huertas, Co-Principal Investigator, Principal Curator and Project & Collections Coordinator

Dr Ben Price, Principal Curator, DNA sequencing coordinator

Dr Jordan Beasley, Postdoctoral Molecular and Bioinformatics

Richard O’Brien MSc, Curatorial Assistant

Ana Martinez Checa MSc, Research Assistant

Dr Aysegul Sirakaya, Access and Benefit Share officer

Dr Christer Fåhraeus, Fåhraeus Biodiversity Institute, SWEDEN, Co-Principal Investigator & Donor

Dr Diego Dolbaina & Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Research

Dr Mirna Casagrande, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Research

Dr Lucas Kamiski, Federal University of Alagoas Maceió, BRAZIL, Research

Dr Gerardo Lamas , Museo de la Universidad de San Marcos (MUSM), Lima, PERU, Research

Juan Grados, Museo de la Universidad de San Marcos (MUSM), Lima, PERU, Research

Dr Oscar Mahecha, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas Bogotá, COLOMBIA, Research

Dr Mario Marin, Universidad Nacional de Medellin, COLOMBIA, Research

Dr Sebastian Padron, Universidad del Azuay, ECUADOR, Research

Dr Gottfried Siebel, Institute of Ecology at the Universidad Mayor de San Andres, BOLIVIA, Research

Dr Tomasz Pyrcz, Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczej (CEP), Krakow, POLAND, Research

Dr Shinichi Nakahara, Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard University USA, Research

Summary of all methods used

  • Curation: Selection of suitable specimens for sampling and individual tray re-housing.
  • Typification and labelling using conservation-grade ink and paper.
  • Individual cataloguing in museum databases (EMU) using unique NHMUK QR codes.
  • Storing of genitalia in specialised collections.
  • Stacking digital high-resolution photography of every studied individual.
  • Individual databasing and transcription of label data.
  • Storage of images in EMU and the Data Portal after publication.
  • Sampling of suitable tissue, such as one leg or abdomen.
  • Ancient DNA extraction using dedicated techniques.
  • External sequencing.
  • Safe preservation of products: DNA extracts to Molecular Facility, sequences to BOLD.
  • Genitalia dissection, high-resolution photography of preparations.
  • Georeferencing of locality data obtained at the collections.
  • Distributional maps using dedicated software.
  • Data mining from other collections and available resources.
  • Description of new species.
  • Manuscript assemblage, submission and publication.
  • Highlighting our contributions to discoveries in the media and at scientific conferences, as well as on the Museum’s website and social media channels and at Nature Live events.