Our investigation: Why, what, how, when

Previous updates on the sewage treatment works investigation

What we’ve heard from water and sewerage companies so far

Investigation into sewage treatment works and sewerage networks

On 18 November 2021 we and the Environment Agency announced investigations into all water and wastewater companies in England and Wales. This was after several water companies explained that they might not be treating as much sewage at their wastewater treatment works as they should be, and that this could be resulting in sewage discharges into the environment at times when this should not be happening.

Investigation into sewage treatment works and sewerage networks infographic

Find out why Ofwat is investigating, what, how, and by when.

During the course of the investigation we have published a number of previous updates.

Latest update – March 2026

On 12 March 2026, Ofwat consulted on proposals to accept an £44.72m enforcement package following findings that Dŵr Cymru / Welsh Water breached its legal obligations in operating its wastewater treatment works and network.

For more information, please view our press notice on this update.

Company-specific updates

Water company

Status

Latest update

Thames Water Enforcement case closed and final decision published Ofwat fines Thames Water nearly £123m following two investigations into the company
Yorkshire Water Enforcement case closed and final decision published Yorkshire Water to pay £40m enforcement package following Ofwat wastewater investigation
Northumbrian Water Enforcement case closed and final decision published Northumbrian Water agrees to pay £15.7m enforcement package following Ofwat wastewater investigation
Wessex Water Enforcement case closed and final decision published Wessex Water to pay £11m enforcement package following Ofwat wastewater investigation
Anglian Water Enforcement case closed and final decision published Ofwat confirms £86m enforcement packages for Anglian Water and South West Water
South West Water Enforcement case closed and final decision published Ofwat confirms £86m enforcement packages for Anglian Water and South West Water
Severn Trent Water Enforcement case open Ofwat announces enforcement cases against four more companies in wastewater treatment investigation
United Utilities Enforcement case open Ofwat announces enforcement cases against four more companies in wastewater treatment investigation
Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water Enforcement case open and draft decision published Ofwat proposes £44.7 million enforcement package for Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water for wastewater failures
Hafren Dyfrdwy Enforcement case open Ofwat announces enforcement cases against four more companies in wastewater treatment investigation
Southern Water Enforcement case closed and final decision published Ofwat confirms completion of 2019 enforcement commitments by Southern Water