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Threat Methodology Introduction

The UK faces a serious and challenging threat from terrorism, which can differ in methodology, scale and purpose. It is essential that security professionals understand the range of methodologies and how they could manifest.

Last Updated: 15 May 2025

The UK faces a serious and challenging threat from terrorism, which can differ in methodology, scale and purpose. Physical attacks can have varying levels of sophistication and may feature just one methodology or a combination of different elements. In order to protect against, respond to, and mitigate the effects of an attack, it is essential that security professionals understand the range of methodologies and how they could manifest.

Combinations of the methodologies below may be used as part of a Marauding terrorist attack (MTA). MTAs are fast-moving, violent incidents where attackers move through a location aiming to find and kill or injure as many people as possible. Terrorists may target a busy area then search for victims.  They may use vehicles, knives, guns, explosives, fire or any combination. For protective security advice against MTA, please visit the Marauding Terrorist Attacks page.

The methodology pages below each reference protective security advice, guiding you to further detail under the Advice pages. Please note this advice forms part of a wider process of protective security risk management, which contains key steps that should be taken to guide strategic decision-making.

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