Herpetology collections

The large collection of amphibians and reptiles we house is one of the longest-maintained collections in the world, dating back to the late eighteenth century.

The collection is particularly notable for the thousands of type specimens that it contains.

Specimen numbers

About the collection

The collection of non-fossil herpetofauna consists of more than 200,000 individual specimens that have been prepared as fluid-preserved specimens, skins, skulls, skeletons, taxidermy mounts and models.

As of April 2021, the collection contained 83,378 jars of alcohol-preserved specimens and 17,493 dry storage specimens. There is also a growing collection of frozen tissues taken from voucher specimens prior to preservation.

The herpetology collection includes over 8,000 types of amphibian and reptile species and subspecies, making it one the most scientifically important collections in the world.

Strengths

The herpetology collection is one of the largest and most taxonomically comprehensive in the world. With most known genera represented, it is a key reference collection for systematic and evolutionary biologists.

Due to the taxonomic and geographical range, the number of preparations and historical depth, it is a highly significant collection for research into a wide range of studies, including those outside of zoology.

It is used by researchers and students from all over the world and on average, we host over 100 visitors per year, including neontologists, palaeontologists, historians, and materials scientists.

Postgraduate students also use the collection as they pursue their degrees in collaboration with institutions like Imperial College London and University College London.

Historical collections

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Alfred R Wallace

L Evelyn Cheesman

David Livingstone

Louis Fraser

Lionel Walter Rothschild

Richard H Beddome

Thomas C Jerdon

John Goodman

Specimen exchanges with most major European and North American museums

Malcolm Smith

Frank Wall

Fernand Lataste

Jacques von Bedriaga

Frederick D Godman

Osbert Salvin

Andrew Smith

Malcolm J Largen

Barry Hughes

Museum staff

Dozens of students, scientific associates, and research assistants have contributed to the development and perpetuity of the herpetology collections.

The following is a partial list of permanent staff who have served the collection.

John E Gray (1824-1874)

Albert Günther (1857-1895)

Arthur O’Shaughnessy (1863-1881)

Hans F Gadow (1880-1882)

George A Boulenger (1881-1920)

James C Battersby (1916-1961)

Joan B Procter (1917-1923)

Hampton W Parker (1923-1957)

Alice G C Grandison (1951-1984)

Andrew F Stimson (1961-1991)

Garth L Underwood (1964-1966)

E Nicholas Arnold (1966-2000)

Colin J McCarthy (1970-2011)

Barry T Clarke (1975-2014)

Collection history

Since ca. 2010, the prefix NHM or NHMUK has increasingly been used to report specimens in the collection in publications, reflecting the change in institutional name from British Museum (Natural History) to Natural History Museum in 1992.

It might be noted that catalogue numbers of specimens in the NHMUK collection were previously (and are sometimes still) reported using a BMNH or BM(NH) prefix. Specimens in the NHMUK collection bear tags with specimen numbers having NHMUK and/or BMNH prefixes. Many (but not all) specimens accessioned prior to 1946 were re-registered in the aftermath of World War II, and so have original and 1946 or 1947 numbers.

Geographical range

• Worldwide: all continents excluding Antarctica, most islands, all oceans (marine snakes, turtles, lizards).
• Substantial collections from Africa, Asia, and Oceania.
• Moderate collections from South America.
• Small collections from North America and Europe.

Expeditions

• Beagle voyage
• Malay Archipelago Expeditions
• Frontier Tanzania
• University expeditions led by Cambridge and Oxford
• Staff expeditions to Africa and Southeast Asia 1970s (Grandison and Dring collections)
• Recent expeditions by staff and scientific associates to Central America, South America, Africa, Asia and Oceania.

Researchers and Scientific Associates

Ian BRENNAN, Researcher

Natalie COOPER, Researcher

Thomas DOHERTY-BONE, Scientific Associate

Ron DOUGLAS, Scientific Associate

Varad GIRI, Scientific Associate

Anjali GOSWAMI, Research Leader

David GOWER, Merit Researcher, Head of Division

Einat HAUZMAN, Researcher

Rachunliu KAMEI, Scientific Associate

Philippe KOK, Researcher

Ramachandran KOTHARAMBATH, Scientific Associate

Fred KRAUS, Scientific Associate

Simon MADDOCK, Scientific Associate

Stephen MAHONY, Researcher

Colin McCARTHY, Scientific Associate

Ashwini MOHAN, Researcher

Hendrik MÜLLER, Scientific Associate

Ronald NUSSBAUM, Scientific Associate

John POYNTON, Scientific Associate

Kate SANDERS, Scientific Associate

Marion SEGALL, Researcher

Karen SIU-TING, Scientific Associate

Kate THOMAS, Scientific Associate

Deepak VEERAPPAN, Scientific Associate

Mark WILKINSON, Merit Researcher

Learn more about the collections