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Research and analysis

Avian influenza (bird flu) in Europe and the UK

Preliminary and updated outbreak assessments for avian influenza (bird flu) in Europe and the UK.

Updates to this page

From:
Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs and Animal and Plant Health Agency
Published:
4 November 2016
Last updated:
5 October 2026
Show all updates

  1. Added the updated outbreak assessment (PDF) for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe (September 2026).

  2. Added the updated outbreak assessment (PDF) for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe (August 2026).

  3. Added June 2026 risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings.

  4. Added the updated outbreak assessment (PDF) for 26 May 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  5. Added the risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings (April 2026).

  6. Added the updated outbreak assessment (PDF) for 10 April 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  7. Added the risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings (March 2026).

  8. Added the updated outbreak assessment (PDF) for 10 March 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  9. Added the updated outbreak assessment for 27 February 2026: high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  10. Added the risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings (February 2026).

  11. Added the preliminary outbreak assessment '13 February 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) antibodies in dairy cattle in the Netherlands'.

  12. Added the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 qualitative risk assessment: control of wild birds under general licences GL40 - 42 from January 2024 to December 2025 report. This report was written in December 2024.

  13. Added the updated outbreak assessment for 19 December 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  14. Added the risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings.

  15. Added the updated outbreak assessment for 11 November 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  16. Added the updated outbreak assessment for 28 October 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  17. Added an updated outbreak assessment for 8 October 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  18. Update to risk assessment following change in national risk levels for HPAI: added attachment 'Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings'.

  19. Added an updated outbreak assessment for 11 August 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  20. Added a risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings.

  21. Corrected the risk levels in the updated outbreak assessment for 21 July 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  22. Added the updated outbreak assessment from 21 July 2025: high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  23. Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings added for May 2025.

  24. Added the 12 May 2025 outbreak assessment for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  25. Added the 18 March 2025 outbreak assessment for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  26. Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings added for January 2025

  27. Added the 18 December 2024 outbreak assessment for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  28. Added the 6 November 2024 outbreak assessment for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  29. Added 30 October 2024: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  30. The outbreak assessment for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe for 7 October 2024 has been published.

  31. Uploaded attachment '13 August 2024: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe'

  32. Added outbreak assessment for 17 July 2024: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe.

  33. Added 'Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings'

  34. The outbreak assessment for high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe for 1 April 2024 has been published.

  35. Added the latest high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  36. Added the December 2023 risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings.

  37. Added outbreak assessment for 15 January 2024: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe

  38. Added outbreak assessment for 18 December 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe

  39. Added the latest outbreak assessment.

  40. The outbreak assessment for October 2023 (Highly pathogenic avian influenza in the UK and Europe) has been added

  41. Added outbreak assessment for 13 September 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe

  42. Added outbreak assessment for 18 August 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe

  43. Added a risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings.

  44. Added outbreak assessment for 11 July 2023: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  45. Added 'Scientific opinion on the incursion of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds' report.

  46. Added outbreak assessment for 6 June 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  47. Added outbreak assessment for 4 May 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  48. Added 'March 2023: Scientific opinion on the incursion of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds – update to January 2023 report'.

  49. Added outbreak assessment for 29 March 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  50. Added outbreak assessment for 15 March 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  51. Added report: "31 January 2023: Scientific opinion on the incursion of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds".

  52. Added new outbreak assessment - 6 February 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  53. Added new outbreak assessment - 4 January 2023: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  54. Added the 'Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 rapid risk assessment - catching-up of wild gamebirds in winter 2022 to 2023'.

  55. Uploaded the latest risk assessment on the spread of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 to wild birds from released, formerly captive gamebirds in Great Britain: Pheasants.

  56. Added new report '6 December: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe'.

  57. Uploaded new outbreak assessment - 7 November 2022: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe. Uploaded 24 October: Scientific opinion on the incursion of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds.

  58. Uploaded new outbreak assessment - 24 October 2022: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  59. Uploaded new outbreak assessment - 14 October 2022: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  60. Added the attachment '14 October 2022: Rules on meat produced from poultry and farmed game birds originating in the Protection Zone'.

  61. Added the latest rapid risk assessment for the spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 from wild birds to poultry from the shooting of wild waterfowl and wild game (including formerly captive) birds.

  62. Added 'Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe' outbreak assessment for 21 September 2022.

  63. Added the new attachment - 1 September 2022: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  64. Added Rapid risk assessment for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 from the shooting of wild waterfowl and wild game (including formerly captive) birds for 23 August.

  65. We've added the 'Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment' for 1 August 2022 and the latest 'Rapid risk assessment on incursion of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds'.

  66. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  67. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  68. Added HPAI outbreak assessment for 20 June 2022.

  69. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  70. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  71. Added the latest outbreak assessment.

  72. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  73. Added the latest 'Rapid risk assessment on incursion of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds'.

  74. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  75. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  76. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  77. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  78. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  79. Added the latest 'Rapid risk assessment on incursion of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds'.

  80. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  81. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  82. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  83. Added highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment for 21 February 2022.

  84. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  85. Added the 'Rapid risk assessment on incursion of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds'.

  86. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  87. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  88. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  89. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  90. Added highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment for 10 January 2022.

  91. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  92. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  93. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  94. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  95. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  96. Added scientific opinion on the effectiveness of a housing order and risk assessment for Great Britain and 22 November 2021 update on highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK, and Europe.

  97. Added the latest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment.

  98. Added two risk assessments: likelihood of spread of HPAI (H5Nx) associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings, and incursion of H5Nx HPAI into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds.

  99. Added Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) preliminary outbreak assessment for 2 November 2021.

  100. Added Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) preliminary outbreak assessment for 26 October 2021.

  101. We have added the rapid risk assessment for the derogation of avian influenza control measures H5N1 in wild birds on the Outer Hebrides, Scotland.

  102. Added Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment for 12 August 2021.

  103. Added rapid risk assessment for the derogation of avian influenza control measures (H5N1 in wild birds in Fair Isle) from 11 August 2021.

  104. Added Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment for 28 July 2021.

  105. Added Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak assessment for 17 May 2021.

  106. Added the risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of avian notifiable disease associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings.

  107. Added the rapid risk assessment on incursion of HPAI (predominantly H5N8) into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds.

  108. Added highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) report from 29 April.

  109. Added the risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of avian notifiable disease associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings and the risk assessment on the likelihood of introduction and/or spread of H5Nx Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza associated with racing pigeons.

  110. Added updated Outbreak Assessment for 16 April 2021

  111. Added Updated Outbreak Assessment for 31 March 2020.

  112. Added a new rapid risk assessment on incursion of HPAI (predominantly H5N8) into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds.

  113. Added the 15 March 2021: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK, and Europe report.

  114. Added the rapid risk assessment on incursion of HPAI (predominantly H5N8) into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds.

  115. Added the 1 March 2021: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK, and Europe report

  116. Added the latest outbreak assessment (1 March 2021) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  117. Reinstated the Rapid risk assessment on incursion ofH5N8 HPAI into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds report from 26 November 2020

  118. Updated Rapid risk assessment on incursion of HPAI H5N8 into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds report

  119. Uploaded 15 February 2021: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK, and Europe report

  120. Added the latest outbreak assessment (8 February 2021) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  121. Added the latest outbreak assessment (2 February 2021) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  122. Added the latest outbreak assessment (26 January 2021) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  123. Added the latest outbreak assessment (19 January 2021) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  124. Added the latest outbreak assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  125. Added the latest outbreak assessment (21 December) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  126. Added the latest outbreak assessment (15 December) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  127. Added the latest outbreak assessment (7 December) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  128. Added the latest outbreak assessment (1 December) for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  129. Added rapid risk assessment on incursion of H5N8 HPAI into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds.

  130. Added risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of avian notifiable disease associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings.

  131. Added the latest outbreak assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  132. Added the latest outbreak assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK and Europe.

  133. Added rapid risk assessment on incursion of H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza into housed or not housed poultry flocks and captive birds.

  134. Added updated outbreak assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK, and Europe.

  135. Added updated outbreak assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the UK, and Europe.

  136. Minor updates to 4 November Preliminary Outbreak Assessment to reflect how samples were taken.

  137. Added preliminary outbreak assessment for low pathogenicity avian influenza in the UK and Europe.

  138. Added updated outbreak assessment for Highly pathogenic avian influenza in The Netherlands and West Europe.

  139. Added Preliminary Outbreak Assessment for Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in The Netherlands.

  140. Added a preliminary outbreak assessment for high pathogenicity avian influenza (H5N8) in Russia.

  141. Added the latest update (9 June 2020).

  142. Added update 16 for HPAI in Europe (7 May 2020).

  143. Added update 15 (21 April 2020).

  144. Added update 14 (3 April 2020).

  145. Added update 13: 24 March 2020.

  146. Added update 12 (16 March 2020).

  147. Added update 11 (19 February 2020).

  148. Added update 9 (22 January 2020) and 10 (12 February 2020).

  149. Added update 8 (14 January 2020) for Highly pathogenic avian influenza in Europe.

  150. Added the 7 January 2020 update.

  151. Added the 19 July 2019 update.

  152. Added the latest situation assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza in Europe (21 January 2019).

  153. Added the latest "Disease risk considerations supporting the definition of Avian Influenza Higher Risk Areas in England, Scotland and Wales" document.

  154. Added updated situation assessment #5 for Avian influenza (H5N8) in Bulgaria.

  155. Added preliminary outbreak assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N2) in poultry in Western Russia.

  156. Added the 9 July situation assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N6) in UK and Europe and highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N8) in Europe and Western Russia.

  157. Added the updated Rapid Risk Assessment on the findings of H5N6 HPAI in wild birds in England, Scotland and Wales.

  158. Added the 10 April situation assessment for highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N6) in UK and Europe and highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N8) in Europe.

  159. We’ve corrected the 14 February situation assessment to make it clear there is no HPAI in France. We have also updated a H5 outbreak to H5N3 at the request of the French authorities.

  160. We’ve corrected the location of one of the recent wild bird cases.

  161. Added findings of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N6) in wild birds in the UK and Ireland and Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) in poultry in France.

  162. Added the findings of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N6) in wild birds risk assessment.

  163. Added today's Rapid Risk Assessment on the finding of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N6) in wild birds in England and Wales.

  164. Added the Rapid Risk Assessment on the finding of H5N6 HPAI in wild birds in Dorset.

  165. Added the latest outbreak situation assessment.

  166. Update 17 (11 December 2017) added.

  167. Added update 16 (22 October 2017).

  168. Added the latest outbreak situation assessment.

  169. Latest update added.

  170. Added the latest outbreak situation assessment.

  171. Added the latest outbreak situation assessment (8 March).

  172. Added the updated outbreak assessment from 22 February 2017.

  173. New report added: Disease risk considerations supporting the definition of Avian Influenza Higher Risk Areas in England

  174. Added the updated outbreak assessment from 7 February 2017.

  175. Added the updated outbreak assessment from 19 January.

  176. Added the latest update.

  177. Added the latest (29 December) update.

  178. Added the latest update.

  179. Added the latest update.

  180. Added the latest update.

  181. Added the latest updated situation assessment.

  182. Added the updated outbreak assessment for H5N8 avian influenza in Europe.

  183. Added the updated outbreak assessment for H5N8 avian influenza in Europe.

  184. First published.

Documents

30 September 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 720 KB, 12 pages

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7 August 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 736 KB, 11 pages

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June 2026: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

PDF, 424 KB, 34 pages

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26 May 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 759 KB, 13 pages

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April 2026: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

PDF, 2.91 MB, 35 pages

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10 April 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 725 KB, 13 pages

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12 March 2026: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

PDF, 441 KB, 33 pages

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10 March 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 1.85 MB, 14 pages

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27 February 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 1.8 MB, 15 pages

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February 2026: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

PDF, 334 KB, 29 pages

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13 February 2026: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) antibodies in dairy cattle in the Netherlands

PDF, 175 KB, 5 pages

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19 December 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 2.42 MB, 15 pages

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November 2025: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

PDF, 338 KB, 28 pages

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11 November 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 1.09 MB, 12 pages

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28 October 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 1.56 MB, 15 pages

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8 October 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

PDF, 1.64 MB, 13 pages

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Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

PDF, 1.15 MB, 33 pages

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11 August 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

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21 July 2025: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

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21 July 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

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May 2025: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

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12 May 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

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18 March 2025: High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) in Great Britain and Europe

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January 2025: Risk assessment on the likelihood of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx associated with bird fairs, shows, markets, sales and other gatherings

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Preliminary and updated outbreak assessments for avian influenza (bird flu) in Europe and the UK.

We monitor any major, notifiable or new and emerging animal disease outbreaks worldwide. When we become aware of a new animal disease outbreak in the UK or another country, we may carry out a preliminary outbreak assessment.

Earlier reports are available on the National Archives website.

Read our avian influenza (bird flu) detailed guidance for information about how to spot the disease, what to do if you suspect it and measures to prevent it.

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